Pneumatic hammer.



No. 777,368. PATENTED DEC. 13, 1904. L. J. GLOSSEY.

PNEUMATIC HAMMER..

APPLICATION FILED IBB. zo, 1904.

No MODEL.

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NITED STATns Patented December 13, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

PNEUwlATio HAMMER?.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 777,368, dated December13, 1904;.

Application led February 20, 1904. Serial No. 194,492.` (No model.) l

To all whom, t 7er/ty concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD Josera GnossuY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident oil Montpelier, in the county ot' Washington andState of Vermont, have invented a new and Improved Pneumatic Hammer, ofwhich the following is a iull, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in pneumatic hammers, the objectbeing' to provide a hammer of this character that will be simple inconstruction, positive in its action, and having no parts liable to getout ot order.

I will describe a pneumatic hammer embodying my invention and then pointout the novel features in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying' drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters oli' reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the iigures.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a pneumatic hammer embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a section thereof, showing the controllingvalveinreverse position to that of Fig. 1. Fig'. 3 is an end view of thecylinder, and Fig. L is a section on the line 4 L of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings, 5 designates the cylinder of the hammer, inthe lower end oi which is secured a sleeve 6, through which the reducedend 7 of the hammer 8 slides with ,y practically air-tight connection.

Removably connected to the lower end ot' the cylinder 5 is a tubularnose-piece 9, in which is removably placed a bushing 10, .it beingremovable, so that should the sleeve become worn it may be readily takenout and a new one put in its place. Arranged between the bushing 10 andthe sleeve 6 is a yielding' washer 11. The nose-piece is held fromaccidental rotary movement relative to the cyl inder by means of a pin12, movable in a long'itudinal opening formed in the wall of thecylinder and pressed outward by means of a spring 13 to engage in aperforationli in the liange 15 of the nose-piece, and this opening' 14has an outward opening' 16, through which a wire or other suitableinstrument may be passed to force the spring-pressed pin back and out ofthe opening 1/1 when it is desired to remove the nose-piece.

Surrounding the upper end of the cylinder and engaging removablytherewith is a collar 17, against which the lower end oi' a cap 18engages, the said cap having' screw-thread engagement with the cylinder,and to prevent accidental detachment of the cap I employ a pin 19,movable in a perforation in the cap and pressed outward by means of aspring 20, similarly to the locking'deviee tirst described, this pinbeing' designed to engage in a perforation :formed in the collar 17 andhaving' an outward opening' 21, through which an instrument may bepassed to force the pin out oi' the perforation in the collar when it isdesired to remove the cap. The cap is provided with a handle 22,'which,as here shown, has screw-thread engagement with an upwardlyextended boss31 on the cap, and in this boss is an air-chamber 23, communicating withthe interior oi' the cylinder through an opening 211, at the upperportion oi" which is a valveseat for receiving a valve Q5, having' anoutwardly-extended stem 26, provided at its end with a iinger-piece 27.The valve 25 is held yieldingl y against its scat by means of a springE28 engaging at one end with a bushing' 29, through which the stem 26passes, the said bushing' being' engaged in the boss having' the chamber2?, and the other end ot said spring' engages on the valve 25.

Leading into the air-chamber 23 is a nipple 30, with which a flexibletube leading' from a suitable supply of compressed air is to beconnected. It will be seen that the nipple passes through an opening inthe annular portion of the handle 22 and then has screw-threadengagement in the boss 31. By this arrange ment air will be preventedfrom leaking out around the thread connection between the boss and thehandle. 1

rlhe valve for controlling the inlet and exhaust for operating' thehammer 8 in opposite directions comprises a sleeve 32, on the upper endof which is a head 33,which passes partly into the upper portion ot' thecylinder, and removably placed on the inner end of the sleeve is acollar 34, this collar resting on an interior annular shoulder 35,formed in the cylinder, thus preventing inward movement of the valvemechanism, and an outward movement is prevented by the cap 18 Yengagingwith the head 33,. Around the head 33 the cap is provided with aninterior exhaust-chamber 36, from which exhaust-ports 37 lead. Theinterior of the sleeve 32 is divided at about the center by a partition38. Above the partition 38 the sleeve is provided with an annularchannel 39, having ports 4() leading into the interior of the sleeve 32,and below the partition 38 the said sleeve has an annular channel 41,having port communication 42 with the interior of the sleeve. Mounted onthe sleeve is the movable member of the controlling-valve. This memberconsists of a ring 43, mounted to slide between the head 33 and thecollar 34. The interior of this ring is provided with an annular port orchannel 44, designed to be moved at certain times into register with thechannel 39 of the sleeve, and below this interior channel 44 the ring isprovided with another interior annular channel 45, which communicatesthrough ports 46 with an exterior annular chamber 47, concentric withthe channel 45. These two interior channels of the ring communicate onewith the other through a series of ports 48.

In the operation, assuming the parts to be in the position shown in Fig.lwthat is, with the hammer in its lower position-the lower channel atthe interior of the ring 43 will be in register with the upper interiorchannel of the sleeve 32, so that when the valve 25 is opened the airwill pass out through the ports 40 into an annular channel 49, formed inthe upper portion of the cylinder 5, and will then pass downward througha port or ports 50, formed in the wall of the cylinder and communicatingwith the interior thereof at the lower end. Air passing through the portor ports 50 will engage against the lower side of the hammer and forcethe hammer upward. When the hammer is raised about one inch, the exhaustwill occur through a longitudinal port 51, formed in the wall of thecylinder. About one-half of this exhaust will pass out through the ports37, While the other portion will pass through a port or ports 52 to theupper side of the ring-valve, throwing the same downward until the upperends of the ports 50 are opened, permitting the air to escape. Whenthese ports 50 are opened, the channels on the inside of the ring andthe outside 'of the sleeve are together evenly or in register and thechannel on the outside of the ring is closed. The air comes now from thefirst channel in the sleeve into the first channel in the ring, thenthrough the ports 48 into the second channel in the ring, and from therereturns into the second channel in the sleeve, thence passing throughthe ports 42 and impinging on the upper end of the hammer, thus forcingthe hammer downward. Then the hammer is Jforced down one inch, (1/',) aportion of the air exhausts through a port or ports 53 into the chamber36 and the remainder of the air passes inward through a port 54,communicating with the port 53 and underneath the ring, thus forcing itupward until vthe air finally exhausts through ports 50a. In buildingthe hammer it will be necessary to have the exhaust occur when thehammer 8 is raised or lowered from one-half inch to four inches,according to the size and use of the tool.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. In a pneumatic hammer, a cylinder, a nose-pieceremovably engaging with the end thereof, automatic means for locking thenosepiece to the cylinder, a bushing in the nosepiece, a collar in thecylinder, and a iiexible bushing arranged between the bushing andcollar.

2. A pneumatic hammer comprising a cylinder, a hammer arranged toreciprocate therein, a cap on the cylinder provided with a threaded bosshaving an air-chamber communicating with the interior of the cylinder, ahandle having a threaded annular portion for engaging with said boss,the said annular portion having a lateral opening, a valve forcontrolling communication between the airchamber and cylinder and havingan outwardly-extended stem, a spring' on the stem for holding the valveyieldingly against its seat, a nipple extended through the opening inthe annular portion of the handle and having screw threaded engagementwith said boss, the said nipple communicating with the chamber in theboss, and a valve for controlling the passage of air to opposite endso1' the hammer.

3. An automatic hammer comprising a cylinder, a cap thereon having anair-chamber for receiving air from the source of supply the said chambercommunicating with the cylinder, a sleeve arranged in the upper end ofthe cylinder provided with a transverse partition and having a pluralityo1' ports at opposite sides of the partition for communicating with theports leading into the cylinder, and a ring-valve movable lengthwise onthe sleeve for automatically controlling the ports.

4. A pneumatic hammer comprising a cylinder, a cap arranged thereon andhaving an exhaust-chamber, ports leading through the wall of thecylinder, certain of said ports communicating with the exhaust-chamber,asleeve arranged in the cylinder, the said sleeve being closed at aboutits center by means o1' a partition, annular channels on the outer sideo1' said sleeve and having port communication with the interior of thesleeve at oppo- IOC IIO

site sides of the partition, a ring-Valve movto this specification inthe presence of two subable on the sleexe endl havlg tWo interiorseribng Witnesses.v eommunieatin e larme s, anc. an exterior v w A 3 -11 Y 1 channel havin communication with one of LLGNARD Jobhl H QLObbLY' 5the interior channels, and a collar removably Witnesses:

engaging with the inner end of the sleeve. WM. LINDSAY,

In testimony whereoflhave signed my name MARTIN W. WHEELOGK.

